<p class="story-body__introduction" style="border:0px; margin:28px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline">Kış gündönümü antik çağlardan bu yana dünyanın birçok bölgesinde festivallerle kutlanıyor, hakkında birçok söylenceler yaratıldığı gibi bilimsel tartışmalar da içeriyor.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline">Peki, kış gündönümü tam olarak neyi ifade ediyor?</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <h2 class="story-body__crosshead" style="font-family:inherit; font-style:inherit; font-variant-caps:inherit; letter-spacing:inherit; border:0px; color:#1e1e1e; font-stretch:inherit; font-size:1.5rem; font-weight:inherit; line-height:1.16667; margin:32px 0px 0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline"><strong><span style="font-size:14px;">Kış gündönümü ne zaman?</span></strong></h2> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline">Kuzey Yarımküre'de kış gündönümü bu yıl 22 Aralık Pazar günü saat 04.19'da gerçekleşecek.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline">O gün Kuzey Kutbu Güneş'ten en uzak noktada olduğu için Kuzey Yarımküre'de kış başlar.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><a class="off-screen parrot__jump-link" href="https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-50843074#skip-recommendations" style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 14px; caret-color: rgb(64, 64, 64); color: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; border: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; display: inline !important;">l<span style="font-family: Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); letter-spacing: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-style: inherit;">Güneş gökyüzünde en alçak noktada, ufuk çizgisine en yakın mesafede olduğu için 24 saat içinde en kısa süreli gün ışığına maruz kalır.</span></a></p> <div class="distinct-component-group container-parrot wsoj-component" data-variation="default-0" id="comp-pattern-library" style="border:0px; margin:32px -24.640625px 32px 0px; padding:0px"> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Bu Dünya'nın Güneş etrafında dönüşüyle ilgili olduğu için her yıl aynı zamana denk geldiği sanılsa da öyle olmaz.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Dünya, Güneş etrafındaki turunu 365 gün 6 saatte tamamladığı için kış gündönümü bazı yıllar 21 Aralık'a, bazen de 22 Aralık'a denk gelir. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Güney Yarımküre'de ise bu tarih yaz gündönümünü ifade eder, yazın başlangıcı sayılır.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; color: inherit;">En kısa gün ne kadar kısa?</span></strong></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Bulunduğunuz yere bağlı olarak bu değişebilir. Londra'daki Greenwich Gözlemevi'nde ölçüm yapıyorsanız en kısa gün 7 saat 49 dakika 43 saniyedir. Yani gün ışığı süresi yazın en uzun günün yarısından daha azdır.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Kuzey Kutbu'na yaklaştıkça bu süre daha da kısalır. İzlanda'da sadece 2 saat 14 dakikadır. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Ekvator çizgisine yaklaştıkça fark hissedilmez derecede olur.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Kış gündönümü (Kuzey Yarımküre'de) en kısa gün olsa da bu en erken günbatımı ya da en geç gündoğumu anlamına gelmez.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Bir haftayı aşkın bir süre boyunca sabahları daha karanlık olmaya devam eder; en erken günbatımı ise bu tarihten en az bir hafta önce olmuştur zaten.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><strong><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="letter-spacing: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; color: inherit;">'Gündönümü' ne demek?</span></span></strong></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Ufukta güneşin doğma ve batma noktasında o gün güneş "yerinde sabit" duruyormuş hissi verir.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Dünyanın ekseni eğiktir: yıl içinde kutupların güneşe en yakın veya en uzak olduğu zamanlara göre güneşin hareket kavisi de gün içinde yükselip alçalır.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Kış gündönümü olduğu vakit, Kuzey Yarımküre'de güneş en alçak noktadadır. Yani Kuzey Kutbu Güneş'ten uzaktır. Zaten Kuzey Yarımküre'de kış olmasının nedeni de budur.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Oysa Güney Yarımküre'de yaşayanlar için Güney Kutbu Güneş'e dönük olduğundan orada yaz gündönümü yaşanır. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <h2 class="story-body__crosshead" style="border:0px; color:#1e1e1e; font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch:inherit; font-size:1.5rem; font-weight:inherit; line-height:1.16667; margin:32px 0px 0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline"><strong><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both">Kış gündönümü kutlamaları</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></strong></h2> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Birçok kültürde çok eski tarihlerden beri kış gündönümü kutlanır. Kışın hayvanları besleme zorunluluğundan kurtulmak ve insanlar için yiyecek sağlamak üzere kurban kesilir, bira ve şarap fermente edilir.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>Asya: Dongzhi Festivali</strong></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Başta Çin, Kore ve Japonya olmak üzere Doğu Asya'da bu festival yılın en önemli kutlamalarından sayılır. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Dongzhi "aşırı kış" anlamına gelir. Uzun günlerin başlangıcı ve pozitif enerji kaynağı olarak kutlanır. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Festivalin kökeni "yin ve yang" felsefesine dayanır; bu evrende denge ve uyum felsefesidir. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <h2 class="story-body__crosshead" style="border:0px; color:#1e1e1e; font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch:inherit; font-size:1.5rem; font-weight:inherit; line-height:1.16667; margin:32px 0px 0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline"><strong><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both">Nardugan Bayramı</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></strong></h2> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Roma'da Satürnalya, Antik Yunan'da ise Dionysos Şenlikleri olarak kutlanan, Türklerde Güneş'in Doğuşu anlamına gelen ve Ön Türkler'deki atalar kültü döneminden günümüze kadar Orta Asya coğrafyasında Güneş kültü adına kutlanan bir bayramdır. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Her yıl 22 Aralık'tan sonra gelen ilk dolunayda kutlanır. Bunun nedeni ise Türklerin eski inanışına göre tıpkı Mısır mitolojisinde olduğu gibi gece ile gündüzün sürekli savaş halinde olması ve 21 Aralık günü en uzun gecenin ardından Güneş'in daha çok görünmeye başlaması, günlerin uzamasıdır. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Bu yüzden Türklerce Ay yılı esasına dayalı olarak 22 Aralık gününü takiben ilk dolunayın çıktığı gün yeni yılın ilk günüdür.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; color: inherit;">Orta Amerika: Uçuş Dansı</span></strong></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Beş uçan kişi veya "kuş adam" olarak bilinen insanlar 30 metrelik bir direğe tırmanır. Dördü iplere bağlı halde kendini boşluğa bırakır ve havada dans ediyormuş görüntüsü yaratırken, bir kişi de direğin tepesinde kalıp davul ve flüt çalar.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Efsanelere göre bu dans tanrıları mutlu etme, kuraklığı dindirme ve temel besin kaynakları olarak mısır hasılatını artırmak amacıyla yapılır.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong><span style="color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; caret-color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-align: center;">İran: Yalda</span></strong></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Yılın en uzun gecesinde yapılan bu kutlama sırasında aileler bir araya gelir, yiyip içerek sabaha kadar şiir okur.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">En gözde yiyecekler kırmızı renkleri nedeniyle nar ve karpuzdur; bu renk şafağın ve yaşamın sembolü olarak görülür.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><strong><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="letter-spacing: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; color: inherit;">Pakistan: Çatarmas</span></span></strong></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Pakistan'ın Afganistan sınırında Hindikuş dağlarının vadilerinde yaşayan ve pagan azınlığı oluşturan Kalaşlar kış gündönümünü ateş yakıp dans ederek ve kuru meyveler yiyerek kutlar.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>Antik Roma: Saturnalya</strong></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Antik Roma döneminde 17 Aralık'ta başlayan ve 7 gün süren bu kutlama, tanrıların atası Satürn'ü onore etmek için yapılırdı.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Onun adına kurulan tapınaklarda kurbanlar kesilir, ziyafetler düzenlenir, hediyeler verilirdi. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Kutlamaya katılmaları için kölelere bile izin verilirdi.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both">Noel</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></strong></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Noel, Hristiyanlıkla paganlığın ve antik Roma kutlamalarının bir karmasıdır. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Rome döneminde kullanılan Rumi takvime göre kış gündönümü 25 Aralık'a denk gelir. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Ancak 1500'lerde miladi takvime geçilince günlerde kayma olmuş, kış gündönümü 21 Aralık'a kaymıştır.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Yine de Hristiyanlar ilk tarihe bağlı kalarak 25 Aralık'ı İsa'nın doğum günü olarak kutlamaya devam etmiştir.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <h2 class="story-body__crosshead" style="border:0px; color:#1e1e1e; font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch:inherit; font-size:1.5rem; font-weight:inherit; line-height:1.16667; margin:32px 0px 0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline"><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both">Yule - Yul - Jul (Hristiyanlık öncesi kuzey Avrupa)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></strong></span></h2> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Günümüz İskandinavya bölgesinde yaşayan Cermen halkları tarafından kutlanan bu antik bir pagan kış festivalinde, güneşin dönüşünü, ışığı ve sıcağı temsil edecek şekilde ateş yakılırdı.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">İskandinav tanrısı Thor için kütük yakılarak kötü ruhlar kovulmaya, gelecek yıl için de iyi şans getirilmeye çalışılır, şarkılar söylenirdi.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Günümüz Noel kutlamaları ile benzerlikler içerir.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040"><strong style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-style:inherit; font-variant-caps:inherit; font-stretch:inherit; font-size:1rem; letter-spacing:inherit; line-height:1.375; margin:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline">Druid ve diğer pagan törenleri (</strong><strong style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-style:inherit; font-variant-caps:inherit; font-stretch:inherit; font-size:1rem; letter-spacing:inherit; line-height:1.375; margin:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline">İngiltere</strong><strong style="border:0px; font-family:inherit; font-style:inherit; font-variant-caps:inherit; font-stretch:inherit; font-size:1rem; letter-spacing:inherit; line-height:1.375; margin:0px; padding:0px; vertical-align:baseline"> ve Batı Avrupa)</strong></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Paganlar ve Kelt topluluklarındaki rahip sınıfı ifade eden Druidler için kış gündönümü kutlamaları, güneşin dönüşünü getirdiği için büyük önem taşıyordu. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="border:0px; margin:18px 0px 0px; padding:0px"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:inherit"><span style="font-family:inherit"><span style="font-style:inherit"><span style="font-variant-caps:inherit"><span style="letter-spacing:inherit"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="clear:both"><span style="color:#404040"><span style="font-family:Helmet, Freesans, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-stretch:inherit"><span style="line-height:1.375"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="caret-color:#404040">Bugün bile İngiltere'deki tarih öncesi Stonehenge anıtı etrafında toplanan kişiler kış gündönümü sonrasındaki ilk güneşin doğuşunu kutlar.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </div>